What Is Article 6 of the Paris Agreement and International Mitigation?
Article 6 of the Paris Agreement establishes an international carbon market mechanism through which greenhouse gas reduction outcomes can be transferred and traded across borders. To meet its 2030 NDC, Korea needs to secure 35.3 million tons of overseas mitigation outcomes in the form of ITMOs, and Bangladesh is emerging as a credible candidate supplier.
As one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change, Bangladesh has substantial mitigation potential in solar power, water treatment, waste management, and energy efficiency projects. Through an Article 6.2 bilateral cooperation framework with Korea, the country could transfer carbon credits, or ITMOs, to support Korea's climate goals.
How the Article 6 Mechanism Works
| Category | Article 6.2 (Bilateral) | Article 6.4 (Multilateral) | VCMS (Voluntary) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operating Body | Agreement between participating governments | UN supervisory body | Private certifiers |
| Mitigation Unit | ITMO | A6.4ER | VER (voluntary credit) |
| NDC Treatment | Reflected in both countries' NDC accounting | Host country NDC adjusted | Not counted toward NDCs |
| Approval Process | Approval by both governments | UN methodology approval | Private standard |
| Bangladesh Status | Korea-BD cooperation under discussion | UNFCCC registration route | Gold Standard and similar schemes |
| Use by Korean Firms | Government-backed projects | Tenders and calls | Voluntary purchases |
International Mitigation Project Types in Bangladesh
Korea-Bangladesh Article 6 Cooperation Strategy
ITMO Acquisition Process
Article 6 offers a genuine win-win framework for Korea and Bangladesh by linking Korea's NDC compliance needs with Bangladesh's demand for climate investment. Korean companies active in solar, waste-to-energy, ESS, and energy efficiency can position themselves early in Bangladesh's carbon market while improving project bankability through a blended finance model that includes GCF and EDCF support.