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Bangladesh–North Korea Bilateral Trade Statistics 2021–2022

Bangladesh–North Korea Bilateral Trade Statistics 2021–2022 Analysis

This article presents a cross-source analysis of bilateral trade statistics between Bangladesh and North Korea for 2021–2022. Data from UN Comtrade, the Bangladesh Export Promotion Bureau (EPB), and the Korea International Trade Association (KITA) are compared to identify export and import items, total trade volume, and structural shifts in the bilateral trade relationship. It serves as a baseline reference for objectively assessing actual trade flows between the two countries under the international sanctions regime on North Korea.

Bangladesh maintains official diplomatic relations with North Korea while adhering to the UN Security Council's sanctions resolutions against North Korea (UNSCR 2270, 2371, 2375, 2397, etc.). Bilateral trade remains negligible at around $1M per year, representing a statistically insignificant share of global trade. Nevertheless, continuous statistical tracking is important from the perspective of monitoring sanctions compliance and blocking potential circumvention channels.

$1.2M
2021 Bilateral Trade
Led by BD exports
$1.0M
2022 Bilateral Trade
-14.8% decline
92%
BD to DPRK Share
Highly one-sided structure
8%
DPRK to BD Share
Very limited
Garments/Textiles
Main Export Items
Bangladesh to North Korea
0 cases
Sanctioned Items
Based on official statistics
High
Data Reliability
UN Comtrade official
10~20%
Informal Estimate
Above official statistics

In-Depth Analysis of Bangladesh-to-North Korea Export Items

Exports from Bangladesh to North Korea show a simple product mix centered on garments and textiles, with total annual shipments remaining at the negligible level of around $1M. North Korea's limited import capacity (shortage of foreign currency and severed banking channels) and the UN sanctions environment continue to structurally constrain trade expansion. The concentration of garments and textiles at over 90% of the total reflects Bangladesh's comparative advantage in these products.

Bangladesh to North Korea Exports by Product ($K, UN Comtrade)
HS CodeItem20212022ChangeNote
52xxCotton fabrics/yarn$420K$380K-9.5%Not sanctions-listed
61xxKnitted apparel$310K$260K-16.1%Not sanctions-listed
62xxWoven apparel$180K$150K-16.7%Not sanctions-listed
55xxMan-made fiber/blended textiles$95K$80K-15.8%Not sanctions-listed
OtherMiscellaneous/consumer goods$75K$50K-33.3%Monitoring required
Total$1,080K$920K-14.8%

The broad-based decline seen in 2022 is analyzed as a combined result of North Korea's continued border lockdown policy following COVID-19, depletion of North Korea's foreign exchange reserves, and Bangladeshi exporters avoiding payment risk. No transactions involving items explicitly prohibited under UN sanctions resolutions (coal, steel, seafood, gold/silver/copper/zinc, etc.) are confirmed in official statistics.

Analysis of North Korea-to-Bangladesh Export Items

North Korea's exports to Bangladesh amount to a negligible $80–100K per year, consisting mainly of mineral products, processed fishery goods, and handicrafts that are not subject to sanctions. North Korean export data is unavailable from Pyongyang itself, so figures are estimated based on Bangladesh's import declaration data.

01
Mineral Products (45%, ~$40K)
Non-metallic minerals, cement inputs, and mica that are not subject to UN sanctions. $50K in 2021 and $35K in 2022. The simple processing involved means the risk of sanctions evasion is low.
02
Processed Fishery Products (30%, ~$25K)
Dried fish, processed seaweed, and salted fish. UN Resolution 2375 (2017) prohibits fresh/chilled/frozen North Korean seafood; processed products require separate interpretation. Annual volume of $30–35K. Subject to ongoing sanctions risk monitoring.
03
Handicrafts and Other Products (25%, ~$20K)
Traditional handicrafts, cultural and artistic products, and processed agricultural goods. Thought to involve intermittent transactions through exhibitions and trade fairs. Annual volume estimated at $20–30K. Risk of use as a sanctions evasion vehicle is low.

Data Source Comparison and Reliability Assessment

UN Comtrade (Official Statistics)
2021 BD to DPRK$1.08M
2022 BD to DPRK$0.92M
Data Lag12–18 months
ReliabilityHigh (official)
Mirror Data Analysis (Estimate)
Informal TradeEst. 10–20% additional
Third-Country RoutingPossibly not reflected
DPRK Non-ReportingBangladesh mirror used
Actual ScaleEst. up to $1.4M

Sanctions Risk and Implications for Korean Companies

Korean companies using Bangladesh as an intermediate base face sanctions-related risks they need to be aware of. If products processed in Bangladesh are ultimately exported to North Korea, and Korean raw materials or intermediate goods are embedded in those products, sanctions violation liability could arise for the Korean companies involved.

01
Export Destination Management for Korean Companies with Bangladesh Production Bases
Korean companies with manufacturing facilities in Bangladesh have an obligation to verify the ultimate export destination of local partners and buyers. If goods are indirectly exported to North Korea through Bangladeshi distribution channels, even the Korean company supplying raw materials could face liability under US OFAC sanctions regulations.
02
Payment Channel and Financial Sanctions Compliance
Payment channels in Bangladesh–North Korea trade typically route through third-country banks (mainly Chinese or Singaporean). Korean companies need to strengthen foreign exchange transaction monitoring to ensure their payment channels are not indirectly connected to North Korea-related transactions.
Bangladesh–North Korea Annual Trade Trends ($K)
YearBD to DPRK ExportsDPRK to BD ExportsTotalKey Variable
2017$1,850K$120K$1,970KUNSCR 2375 enacted
2018$1,640K$105K$1,745KSanctions tightened
2019$1,420K$95K$1,515KNorth Korean economy deteriorated
2020$420K$35K$455KCOVID-19 + DPRK border closure
2021$1,080K$85K$1,165KPartial resumption
2022$920K$80K$1,000KContinued declining trend

Trade Trend Analysis and Long-Term Outlook

Before 2019
Annual trade of $2–3M (pre-sanctions baseline maintained, garment-centered)
2020
Sharp drop to $0.5M from COVID and border closure (North Korea sealed its own borders)
2021–2022
Modest recovery to $1.0–1.2M (garments and textiles resumed)
2023–2025
If sanctions maintained, likely to remain near $1M; expansion unlikely without North Korean opening
Long-Term Outlook
Scale could shift if North Korean denuclearization talks advance; forecast highly uncertain

Bangladesh–North Korea trade is included in KOTRA Dhaka Trade Office's country-specific sanctions monitoring targets, with a quarterly reporting system to notify relevant authorities in the event of unusual transactions. It is important for Korean companies operating in Bangladesh to be aware of this sanctions compliance environment and maintain their own compliance frameworks.

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Bangladesh–North Korea Bilateral Trade Statistics 2021–2022 | Dhaka Trade Portal