Trade & Business

Korea-Bangladesh Trade Through July 2021: H1 Completion and H2 Acceleration Inflection Point

July 2021 Cumulative Trade: H1 Completion and H2 Acceleration Inflection Point

Korea-Bangladesh bilateral trade for January through July 2021 reached USD 1.28 billion, up 23% year on year. July marks the first month of Bangladesh's fiscal year (FY), the point at which government budget execution and corporate investment plans begin in earnest. This creates a pattern where demand for infrastructure materials and industrial equipment strengthens progressively through the second half.

After H1 (Jan-Jun) cumulative $1.07B, an additional $120M in July alone pushed the Jan-Jul total to $1.28B. Even accounting for the COVID base effect, this represents +31% growth compared with the same period in 2019 ($0.98B), confirming a structural growth trend. While steel, chemicals, and machinery maintained stable growth, automotive parts emerged as a new growth engine at +40%.

$1.28B
Jan-Jul Total Trade
+23% YoY
$0.89B
Exports to BD
+28% YoY
$0.39B
Imports from BD
+15% YoY
+$0.50B
Trade Balance
+32% vs prior year (+$0.38B)
$0.12B
July Monthly Exports
Stable monthly level
Auto Parts
Top Export Growth
+40% (CKD)
+31%
vs 2019 Same Period
Structural growth confirmed
July 1
Bangladesh FY Start
Budget execution / investment begins

H1 Performance Review: 3-Stage Recovery Trajectory

Korea-Bangladesh trade in H1 2021 followed a three-stage pattern. Q1 (Jan-Mar) delivered +18% growth combining base effect and early recovery. Q2 (Apr-Jun) accelerated to +30% driven by vaccine rollout and a surge in Bangladesh RMG orders. From July, with the start of Bangladesh's FY, trade entered a third transition phase as infrastructure investment begins in earnest.

2021 H1-through-July Trade Trends
PeriodExportsImportsYoYKey Feature
2020 Full Year$0.98B$0.44B-12%COVID-19 shock
2021 Q1$0.32B$0.15B+18%Base effect begins
2021 Q2$0.41B$0.18B+30%Vaccines, RMG orders
2021 July$0.12B$0.06B+28%FY start, investment launch point
2021 Jan-Jul$0.89B$0.39B+28%Cumulative $1.28B
2019 Jan-Jul (reference)$0.68B$0.30B-Base effect-adjusted comparison

Export Analysis by Product

The steel-chemicals-textile trio accounts for 54% of exports, while machinery, electronics, and auto parts are adding new growth momentum. In particular, auto parts at +40% reflect a structural shift in Bangladesh's automotive industry, and this trend is expected to continue through the second half.

Major Korean Export Items to Bangladesh, January-July 2021
ItemExport ValueYoYShareGrowth Background
Steel Products$0.21B+35%23.6%Padma Bridge final materials, Matarbari LNG steel
Synthetic Resins / Chemicals$0.15B+22%16.9%RMG raw materials, garment chemical materials
Yarn and Fabrics$0.12B+18%13.5%European RMG order growth, fabric demand
Machinery$0.09B+30%10.1%Garment machines / industrial equipment investment rebound
Electronic Components$0.07B+25%7.9%ICT infrastructure, smartphone assembly parts
Vehicles and Parts$0.05B+40%5.6%CKD assembly plant growth, Korea Motors/Kia expansion
Medical Devices / Other$0.20B+20%22.5%Cosmetics, agricultural machinery diversification

July Highlights: Significance of Bangladesh's FY Start

01
Bangladesh FY Start and Concentrated Budget Execution
Bangladesh's fiscal year begins July 1. As new FY infrastructure budgets are deployed, demand for construction materials and machinery increases from July. The FY2022 (July 2021-June 2022) budget is approximately $32B, the largest ever, with a high proportion of mega projects, which bodes well for expanded demand for Korean materials.
02
July Seasonal Feature: Monsoon Off-Season
July falls in the middle of Bangladesh's monsoon season (June-September), temporarily halting some construction site work. This creates a pattern where outdoor construction material exports such as steel decline slightly, while indoor factory equipment and machinery deliveries increase. The $120M July export figure reflects this seasonal adjustment.
03
H2 Outlook: Post-Off-Season Full Acceleration
Demand for construction materials and steel rebounds as the dry season begins in October. Q4 (Oct-Dec) is the peak season where year-end infrastructure delivery deadlines, Durga Puja and Eid consumer demand, and large procurement orders to exhaust annual budgets converge. An additional $700-800M in trade is expected in H2 2021.
04
Structural Significance of Auto Parts Surge
The +40% growth in auto parts reflects Bangladesh's automotive policy shift. The government's CKD tariff benefits (lower than CBU) triggered a surge in local assembly plants, and the three major assemblers — Fair Group, Rangs Motors, and Runner Group — are expanding Korean parts imports. This structural change is expected to continue in H2.

Import Structure and Trade Balance Analysis

Jan-Jul Import Item Composition
Garments and Apparel (RMG)$0.28B (71.8%)
Leather and Footwear$0.04B (10.3%)
Fishery Products / Jute$0.03B (7.7%)
Other Products$0.04B (10.2%)
Trade Balance Trend
2020 Jan-Jul Surplus+$0.38B
2021 Jan-Jul Surplus+$0.50B (+32%)
Export Growth Rate+28% (vs Import +15%)
Surplus StructureExport expansion + stable imports

The garment import share at 71.8% remains high but is on a downward trend compared with 73% in 2019. In line with Bangladesh's export diversification policy, growing leather and fishery exports are gradually shifting Korea's import composition as well. Over the long term, if IT services and higher-value-added manufacturing exports are added, the import portfolio is expected to become even more diversified.

Key Bangladesh Infrastructure Projects Driving July Exports

Major Infrastructure Projects Generating Korean Demand in H2 2021
ProjectTotal ScaleKey Korean Export ItemsStatus
Padma Bridge$3.9BStructural steel, pier materialsScheduled June 2022 completion
Dhaka Metro Rail MRT-6$2.8BRolling stock parts, signaling systemsScheduled Dec 2022 opening
Matarbari LNG Power Plant$4.5BPower equipment, high-pressure pipes2023
Rooppur Nuclear Plant (Russia)$12.6BComponents, auxiliary equipment (partial)In progress
Dhaka EZ Phase 2 Expansion$0.8BIndustrial machinery, electrical equipment2024

H2 Outlook and Annual Target

2021 Cumulative Trade Flow and H2 Forecast
Jan-Mar
$0.50B (base effect / recovery)
Apr-Jun
$1.07B (acceleration phase)
July
$1.28B (FY start)
Aug-Sep
+$0.30B (monsoon off-season)
Oct-Dec
+$0.50-0.60B (peak season)
Full Year Forecast
$2.1-2.2B (new record)
Korea-Bangladesh Trade Status Through Q3 2021Full Q3 aggregation and quarterly pattern analysis
Korea-Bangladesh Trade Status Through October 2021All-time monthly export high of $140M achieved
Korea-Bangladesh Trade Status Through November 2021First-ever $2B+ crossing and annual record confirmed
2025 Korea-Bangladesh Trade TrendsCompare the 2021-onward growth trend with the 2025 current situation

The Jan-Jul 2021 Korea-Bangladesh trade of $1.28B represents the strongest recovery period since COVID-19. Steel, chemicals, and machinery served as the three stable growth pillars, while automotive parts emerged as a new growth driver. With H2 infrastructure investment acceleration expected alongside the start of Bangladesh's FY, the annual $2.1-2.2B record target was effectively signaled already by July.

trade status2021Julyfiscal yearautomotive partsH2 outlook
Korea-Bangladesh Trade Through July 2021: H1 Completion and H2 Acceleration Inflection Point | Dhaka Trade Portal